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????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??. ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? 10 ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??. ?? ??, "???? ???? ????" ????, ????? ????, ????? ?? ??? ????????? ???. 2018 ???, ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??. ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ????? 6-????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??, ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??, ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??. ? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????, ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????, ???? ? "??????" ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????, ??? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??. ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ???, ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????, ??? ??? ? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????, ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????, ????? "????????????" ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????. ? ?????, ????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? - ???????????? ????????? ?????? PD-L1 ?? ????????? ??? ??. ???? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ??, ?????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???, ??? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ? "????? ????" ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ?? ? ????, ???????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "???????? ?????" ????? ????, ???? ??????? "???????????? ????????? ???????" ?? ???? ??. PD-L1 ? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ??, ?? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?? PD-1 ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ?????? "?????" ?????? ????? ??? ?? (????? 2). ?? ??, ???? ??????? ? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??, ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? T ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??, ??? ???? ???? PD-L1 ????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? T ?????? "?????" ?????? ?????, T ?????? ??????????? ???????, ???? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????.

PD-L1 ?????? ????????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??. ????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? PD-L1 ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????? PD-L1 ????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??, ?? PD-L1 ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??. ????, ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ? ?????? ???? PD-L1 ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??, ?????? ??? ???? ???? T ?????? "?????" ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???: ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? T ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???; ???? ?????? ????????, ????? ????? ???? ?? T ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??, ??? ????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? T ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??, ??? "??????" ??????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??.

??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??, ??? ????? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? (????? 3). ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????????, ??????? ?? ?????????? "??????" ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? 20% ????? ???? ???, ???? ???? ? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? 100 ??????? 20 ????? ????? ??? ??, ?? ??? ? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??. ????, ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???, ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??, ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??, ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???.