I kēia lā, me ka pi?i ?ana o ka ?ike o ka ?ai olakino, ua lilo ka "sugar control" i mea like no ke ?ano o ka nohona o ka po?e holo?oko?a. Akā ?o ka ?ike pinepine ?ana o kahi mea ho?ohui i kapa ?ia ?o ? Polydextrose ? ma nā papa inoa mea?ai no "nā mea?ai mea?ai" a me nā "mea inu ha?aha?a-calorie" i alaka?i i ka huikau i waena o nā mea kū?ai aku e pili ana i ke kō i ho?ololi ?ia he "fiber diet" a i ?ole kahi kahu mālama ola kino. Ma o ka molecular structure analysis, international authoritative definition and metabolic mechanism research, hō?ike kēia pepa i ka ?ike maoli o ka polyglucose a ho?opau i ka "ho?omaopopo ?epekema" i ho?okumu ?ia e ka inoa.

?O ka mea mua, ?o ka inoa o ke kumu: no ke aha ka ?ōlelo "glucose" e ho?omaopopo ?ole ai? ?

?O ka inoa Pelekane ?o "Polydextrose" i unuhi maoli ?ia i "polymerized glucose", a ?o ka unuhi Kina e hahai i kēia loiloi. Eia na?e, ?o kona ?ano inoa he wehewehe kiko?ī o ke ?ano kemika, ma mua o ka wehewehe ?ana i nā waiwai hana.

? Ka moolelo kahiko : Ua ho?omohala ?ia ?o Polyglucose e ka ?epekema ?Amelika ?o HH Rennhard i ka makahiki 1965, ?o ka mana?o kumu e ho?omohala i kahi mea?ai ha?aha?a ha?aha?a, ki?eki?e. No ka mea, aia ka monomer glucose i ka mea maka, a ua ho?opili ?ia ke kaulahao molekala e nā ?āpana glucose he nui, ua kapa ?ia ?o "polyglucose".

? Pahele ?ōlelo: ma ka pō?aiapili Pākē, pili pinepine ka hua?ōlelo "glucose" me "sugar" a me "sweet", akā ?a?ole hiki i ke ?ano "ju" ke hō?ike i kona ?ano indigestible, e hopena i ka maopopo ?ole o ka lehulehu i ka hua?ōlelo.

? ?Elua, ka wehe ?ana i ka ?epekema: mai ka molecular structure o ke ?ano o ka polyglucose ?e ho?oholo ai inā he ko?iko?i ka polyglucose, pono ia e ho?i i kona ?ano kemika.

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1. Ka wehewehe a me ka ho?oka?awale ?ana o ke kō

Wahi a ka wehewehe ?ana o ka International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), ?o ka Sugar e pili ana i nā monosaccharides (eg, glucose, fructose) a i ?ole oligosaccharides (eg, sucrose, maltose) i ho?opili ?ia e nā pa?a glycosidic me 2 a 10 monosaccharides. ?O kā lākou mau hi?ohi?ona ma?amau:

Hiki ke wāwahi ?ia i loko o nā monosaccharides e nā enzyme digestive kanaka (e like me ka α-amylase, sucrase);

Hā?awi i ka 4 kcal / g wela;

Ho?oki?eki?e pololei i ke kō koko koko.

2. ?O ke kinona o ka polyglucose ?

?O ke kumu molekula o ka polyglucose ? he (C?H??O?)?. Ua haku ?ia nā ?āpana ?ekolu.

? skeleton structure ? : D-glucose ma ke ?ano he kumu, i ho?opili nui ?ia e 1, 6-glucoside bond;

? lalau wale ? : Ho?okumu kekahi mau ?āpana glucose i nā hale lālā ma o 1,2, 1,3 a i ?ole 1,4 mau mea pa?a glucoside;

? ho?ololi hope ? : Ho?opa?a pinepine ?ia ka hopena o ke kaulahao molekala i ka sorbitol a i ?ole nā ??koena citric acid (koena ka?ina hana).

? Nā ?oko?a nui:

? degere o ka polymerization: ?O ka awelika degere o ka polymerization (n waiwai) o ka polyglucose he 20-22, a ?o ka glycan ultra-ha?aha?a loa (n≤10) i ho?okumu i kahi ho?olālā pūnaewele pa?akikī ?ekolu-dimensional.

pa?akikī ?ano pa?a: ?O ka pu?unaue like ?ole o nā pa?a glucoside e nele ke kino i nā enzyme digestive e ho?oka?awale iā lākou i nā monomer glucose.

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?O ka mīkini metabolic: No ke aha ?a?ole pili ka polyglucose i ke kō? ?

?Oko?a loa ke ?ano o ka physiological metabolic pathway o polyglucose mai ke ko?iko?i ku?una, ?o ia ke kumu kumu no kona ho?oka?awale ?ana i ka fiber dietary.

1. Zero absorption ma ka ?āpana digestive luna

? ?ōpū a me ka ?ōpū li?ili?i ? : Noho pa?a ka Polyglucose i loko o ka ?akika ?ōpū. Ma muli o kona kaumaha molekala nui (e pili ana i 3200 Da) a me nā ?ano pa?akikī o nā mea pa?a glucoside, ?a?ole hiki ke ho?ohehe?e ?ia e ka amylase saliva kanaka a i ?ole amylase pancreatic. Ua hō?ike nā ha?awina ma hope o ka ho?ohana waha ?ana i ka polyglucose, ?oi aku ka emi o ka absorption o ka ?ōpū li?ili?i ma mua o 0.5% (Journal of Nutrition, 2022).

Ka hopena o ke kō koko: ?A?ole hiki i ka Polyglucose ke ho?ololi i ke kō koko postprandial no ka mea ?a?ole hiki ke wāwahi ?ia i ka glucose. Ua hō?oia nā ho?okolohua e ka Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention i ka glycemic index (GI) o ka ho?okomo ?ana i ka 10g o ka polyglucose he 0, kahi i ho?ohālikelike ?ia me ka wai ma?ema?e (China Food Journal, 2023).

2. "prebiotic fermentation" ma ka ?āpana digestive ha?aha?a ?

Ke komo ka polyglucose undigested i loko o ke kolonā, lilo ia i substrate fermentation no ka flora intestinal:

? short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) ? : ?O ka Bifidobacteria a me nā hua bacteria ?ē a?e e ho?ololi iā ia i ka waikawa butyric, ka waikawa propionic a me nā SCFA ?ē a?e, hiki ke hā?awi i ka ikehu no nā cell colon a ho?oponopono i ka palekana;

? ha?aha?a ha?aha?a caloric ? : ?o ka ikehu i ho?oku?u ?ia e ke ka?ina hana fermentation ma kahi o 1 kcal/g wale nō, ?oi aku ka ha?aha?a ma mua o ka 4 kcal/g o ke kō.

? Ho?onohonoho ho?oponopono: Pehea e wehewehe ai nā luna honua i ka polyglucose? ?

Ho?oka?awale loa nā hui honua a me nā kūlana palekana mea?ai ?āina i ka polyglucose mai ka ?āpana "sugar" a hā?awi iā ia i ke kūlana kānāwai o ka fiber dietary.

1. CODEX Alimentarius Commission (CODEX) ?

Wahi a ka CODEX Standard (CODEX STAN 234-2022):

Pono ka fiber dietary e ho?okō i nā kūlana o ka "polymerization degree ≥3 a ?a?ole hiki ke ho?opau ?ia e nā enzymes ?ōpū li?ili?i kanaka";

Ho?okō ?o Polyglucose i nā koina i luna a ho?okomo ?ia i loko o ka papa inoa "fiber dietary", e ?ae ana i ka ?ike o ka fiber e hō?ike ?ia ma nā lepili mea?ai.

2. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

I ka makahiki 2016, ua hō?ano hou ka FDA i ka wehewehe ?ana o ka fiber dietary e wehewehe i ka polyglucose ma ke ?ano he "fila hana me nā pōmaika?i physiological" a ?ae ?ia no ka ho?ohana ?ana i nā mea?ai "ha?aha?a-sugar" a me "sugar-free" (21 CFR 101.9).

3. Nā kūlana aupuni Kina

?O ka "Food Safety National Standard Food Additive Polyglucose" (GB 25541-2024) e ho?okūpa?a ana:

?O ka polyglucose he fiber mea?ai hiki ke ho?ohehe?e ?ia i ka wai a ?a?ole hiki ke helu ?ia he carbohydrate.

?O nā mea?ai e ho?ohana ana i ka polydextrose hiki ke koi i ka "ho?onui i ka fiber dietary," akā ?a?ole hiki ke kapa ?ia ?o "suary" a i ?ole "add sugar."

? Ho?opa?apa?a mākeke: ?O ka polyglucose i loko o nā mea?ai me ke kō ?ole "ke kō i ?ike ?ole ?ia"? ?

?Oiai nā ho?oponopono ma?ema?e, ke ho?omau nei ka mana?o kuhihewa o nā mea kū?ai aku e pili ana i ka polydextrose. Eia nā ?ike o nā ho?opa?apa?a ma?amau ?elua:

?1. Ho?opa?apa?a 1: ?O ka polyglucose ke kumu e pi?i ai ke kō koko? ?

?O ka ?ōlelo ho?oholo ?epekema: ?A?ole. ?O ka metabolite o ka polyglucose he SCFA ma mua o ka glucose, a ?o kāna waiwai GI pono?ī he 0. Ua hō?ike ?ia kahi ho?okolohua lapa?au ma Peking Union Medical College Hospital no nā ma?i ma?i ma?i ma?i ma hope o ka ?ai ?ana o 15g polyglucose i kēlā me kēia lā no 12 mau pule, ?a?ohe loli nui i ka hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c) o nā ma?i (Chinese Journal of Diabetes 3).

Kumu kuhi hewa: Ho?ohui kekahi mau mea kū?ai aku i ka polydextrose me nā mea kō i ho?āla ?ia e like me ka maltodextrin a me ka glucose syrup, e hopena i ka huikau o nā mea kū?ai.

2. Ho?opa?apa?a 2: ?O ka polyglucose kahi "koi i ho?ohui ?ia"? ?

? Ka wehewehe wehewehe ? : E like me nā alaka?i a WHO, ?o "ke kō i ho?ohui ?ia" ?o ia ka monosaccharides a i ?ole disaccharides (eg sugar, sucrose) i ho?ohui ?ia i ka mea?ai. ?A?ole mana?o ?ia ?o Polyglucose he kō i ho?ohui ?ia no ka mea ?a?ohe ona kemika a me nā waiwai metabolic o ke kō.

? I ka Hui ?Eulopa a me ?Amelika Hui Pū ?Ia, helu ?ia ka polyglucose ma ke ?ano he nui o ka fiber dietary content o nā mea?ai, ma mua o ka "sugar"; ?O nā kānāwai nui o Kina no ka ho?opa?a inoa ?ana i nā mea?ai i ho?opa?a ?ia (GB 28050-2024) e ?ae pū i kēia lula.

? Alaka?i mea kū?ai: Pehea e ?ike pono ai i ka polyglucose? ?

No ka pale ?ana i ka huikau, hiki i nā mea kū?ai ke ho?oka?awale i ka polyglucose mai ke kō ma o:

1. E nana i ka papaaina

? kō ? : ?ike pinepine ?ia ?o "ke?oke?o ke?oke?o", "high fructose syrup", "maltose" a pēlā aku;

? polyglucose ? : kapa pololei ?ia ?o "polyglucose" a i ?ole "wai-soluble dietary fiber".

2. E heluhelu i nā lepili mea?ai

?A?ole helu ?ia ka polyglucose;

? ?Ai?ai mea?ai ? : ?O ka nui o ka fiber i hā?awi ?ia e polyglucose e hō?ailona ?oko?a ?ia.

3. Wahi a ka ?ike

?O nā huahana i kapa ?ia ?o "sugar-free" a i ?ole "low-sugar" akā aia ka polyglucose i nā lula no ka mea ?a?ole lākou e ho?ohana i nā mea kō e ho?onui ai i ke kō.

?O ka no?ono?o ?ana i ka ?oihana: ka pilikia o ka kama?ilio ?epekema ma hope o ka ho?opa?apa?a inoa

?O ka ho?opa?apa?a e pili ana i ka inoa o ka polydextrose e hō?ike ana i kahi kū'ē hohonu i ka ho?ohana ?ana o ka lehulehu i nā hua?ōlelo ?epekema:

? hua'ōlelo ma?alahi a me ka pololei ?ole ? : ?a?ole pinepine nā inoa kemika i nā ?ike ko?iko?i (e like me ke ?ano o ke ?ano o "poly") no ka ma?alahi o ka ho?omana?o ?ana;

? ? Consumer science literacy gap ? : Ua hō?ike ?ia kahi noi?i he 12 pākēneka wale nō o nā mea kū?ai aku Kina hiki ke ho?oka?awale pololei ma waena o ka "fiber diet" a me "sugar" (China Health Consumption White Paper 2024).

Pane:

? Nā hua?ōlelo ma?amau ? : Mana?o ?ia e ho?ohui i kahi memo ma ka papa inoa mea ho?ohui, e like me "polyglucose (fiber dietary)";

? ho?oikaika i ka ho?ona?auao ho?ona?auao ?epekema ? : ha?i i ke ?ano "non-sugar" ma o nā wikiō pōkole, nā ICONS packaging a me nā ala intuitive ?ē a?e.

? 8. Mana?o loea: ?O ka "kaua e ho?oponopono i ka inoa" o polyglucose ?

Ua ha?i aku ?o Dr. Emily Chen (Peresidena, International Alliance for Food Science and Technology) ? :

"?O ka ho?opa?apa?a polyglucose kahi hihia ma?amau o ka wehe ?ana ma waena o ka ?ōlelo ?epekema a me ka ?ike o ka lehulehu.

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? WANG Xiangtao (Kakauolelo Nui o ka Hui Kina no ka Nutrition) ? :

"Ua hō?oia piha?ia ka waiwai olakino o polyglucose ma ke?ano he fiber dietary quality. "?O ke kī i ka ho?opau?ana i nā mana?o kuhihewa?o ia ka unuhi?ana i nā wehewehe?epekema i ka'ōlelo i hiki i nā mea kū?ai ke ho?omaopopo."

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Ka hopena

?A?ole ?o Polydextrose ke kō, akā ?o ia ka mea i ho?opilikia ?ia e ka "ho?omaopopo ?epekema" ma muli o kona inoa ?ana. Mai ka molecular structure a hiki i ka ho'ākāka ho?oponopono, metabolic mechanism i ka ho?oma?ama?a mākeke, ?o nā hō?ike āpau e kuhikuhi i ka hopena like: he paionia mea?ai mea?ai i ho?opane?e ?ia e kona inoa. I ka wā o ka ?ike olakino a me ka pahū ?ike, ?oi aku ka nui o ka ha?iha?i ?ana i nā pale cognitive a me ka ho?okumu ?ana i kahi mana?o ho?ohana kūpono ma mua o ka ho?opa?apa?a ?ana "?a?ole he kō ke kō."

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http://www.jvvw.cn/polydextrose-water-soluble-dietary-fiber-product/