1.Bidirectional hooponopono o ka protein metabolism

Loa?a ka HMB i ke koena ikaika o ka ho?oponopono ?ana i ka ?eha ma o ka hana synergistic multi-pathway:

?

?mTOR hō?ailona activation ?: ho?onui i ka ribosome S6 kinase phosphorylation level e 38%, ho?onui i ke kaulahao kaumaha myosin a me nā mea ?ē a?e o ka hana synthesis protein core ?

? ka hopena pale o ka ubiquitination ?: ho?emi i ka hō?ike ?ana o E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 e 41%, a pale i ke ka?ina molecular marker o ka ha?iha?i ?ana o ka ?i?o.

? autophagy homeostasis ? : E ho?onui i ka ratio LC3-II/LC3-I i 1:1.5 e pale ai i ka hō?ino ?ana o ka ?i?o ma muli o ka autophagy nui.

?O ka lua, ?o ka ?enehana pale membrane cell hou

Ho?onui ka HMB i ka pa?a o ke kelepona ma o nā hana pae molekala:

?

? ka ho?oikaika ?ana i ka hana membrane ? : ho?onui i ka ?ike o ka phosphatidylinositol e 27%, ho?omaika?i i ke kū?ē ?ana i ke kaumaha mechanical o ka membrane muscle ?

Ka ho?oponopono ?ana i ka calcium ion: kaohi i ka wehe ?ole ?ana o ka mitochondrial permeability transition pore a ho?emi i ka nui o ka nui o ka calcium e 63%?

? ka pale ko?iko?i oxidative ?: ho?āla ?ia ke ala Nrf2, ho?onui ka hana o ka superoxide dismutase (SOD) e 41%?

Iii. ?Ike pili o ka lā?au lapa?au ha?uki

1.High ikaika ha?uki pale

?O nā mea pā?ani p?peku e ho?onui ana me 3 g / lā HMB i hō?emi i ka peak creatine kinase (CK) e 44% a ho?emi ?ia ka lō?ihi o ka ?eha ?i?o e 51%?

Ma hope o 72 mau hola o ka ho?oma?ama?a centrifugal, ua ho?emi ?ia ka nui o ka rheology Z-line o nā ?i?o ?i?o e 62%, a ua ho?omaika?i ?ia ka pa?a o ka mitochondria e 83%?

2.Endurance hana optimization

I ka po?e holo marathon, ua ho?emi ?ia nā pae koko lactate e 19% a ua ho?onui ?ia ka mālama glycogen muscle e 27%?68.

Ua ho?onui ka pō?ai ho?ohui 6-wiki i ka VO2max e 4.2% a ho?onui i ka ho?omanawanui ho?oikaika e 13%?

4.Clinical ho?ololi milestone

5.Prevention a me ka mālama ?ana i ka muscular atrophy gravis

I nā po?e ma?i ICU i ho?ohui ?ia me HMB no 28 mau lā, ua ho?omau ?ia ka mānoanoa o ka ?i?o quadriceps he 1.3mm hou a?e, a ua ho?onui ?ia ka holomua o ka ventilator ma waho o ka laina e 31%?

I nā po?e ma?i kuni nui, ?o 47% ka ha?aha?a ha?aha?a o ka protein a ?o ka manawa ho?ōla ?eha he 5 mau lā pōkole ?

2. Intervention o senile sarcopenia

Ma hope o nā pule he 12, ua ho?onui ?ia ka wikiwiki o ka po?e ?elemakule ma luna o 70 e 0.15m/s, a ua emi ka hopena o ka hā?ule ?ana e 38%?

Ua hō?ike ?o MRI i ka emi ?ana o ka 21% o ka infiltration fat intramuscular a me ka pi?i ?ana o 14% i ka ?ano II muscle fiber area.

5. ?O ka?enehana?enehana hou

?ōnaehana hā?awi Nano

Ua ho?onui ?ia ka ?enehana encapsulation liposome i ka ho?opa?a ?ana i ka ?i?o i nā manawa 3.7, a ?o ka nui o ke kahe o ke koko he

Loa?a ka pale transdermal akamai i ka ho?oponopono pane EMG a hō?emi i ka lohi ho?oku?u i 15 kekona ?

Nā holomua i ka biology synthetic

Ua ho?onui ?ia ka hua i hana ?ia i 8.7g/L a ua hō?emi ?ia ke kumukū?ai hana e 62%?

Ho?onui ka ?enehana ho?oponopono CRISPR i ka ho?oponopono ?ana i ka ?i?o e 41%, komo i nā ho?okolohua preclinical ?

6.Safety kiko'ī

? ?ona ?ino ? : waha LD50 > 5000mg/kg i nā ?iole, ?a?ole ia he mea ?awa?awa ?

Ho?ohana lō?ihi: ?A?ole i ?ike ?ia ka ?ona hepatorenal ma hope o 12 mau mahina o ka ho?opa?a ?ana, a ?o ka nui o ka hō?eha ?ana o ka ?ōpū ma lalo o 3%?

? dosage standard ?: ?ōlelo ?ia ka heluna kanaka ho?oikaika kino e lawe i 3 g / lā i nā pu?upu?u mahele, ho?onui ?ia ka nui o ka therapeutic e nā ?anu?u ?

Vii. Manao e hiki mai ana

? epigenetic regulation ?: Ke ?imi nei i nā hopena o ka HMB ma nā ?ano methylation DNA o nā ?i?o stem cell ?

? Mechanism of bacterial community interaction ? : Ka nānā ?ana i ke kuleana ho?oponopono o nā metabolites HMB ma luna o nā ?ōpū pa?a/Bacteroides ratio ?