Niaj hnub no, nrog kev paub txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, "kev tswj hwm qab zib" tau dhau los ua lub ntsiab lus rau kev ua neej nyob ntawm tag nrho cov neeg. Tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntau zaus ntawm cov khoom siv hu ua Polydextrose ntawm cov npe khoom noj rau "cov khoom noj khoom haus" thiab "cov dej qab zib tsawg" tau ua rau cov neeg siv khoom tsis meej pem txog seb nws puas yog qab zib disguised li "cov khoom noj fiber ntau" lossis tus saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis raug. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv molecular, kev tso cai thoob ntiaj teb kev txhais lus thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv cov txheej txheem metabolic, daim ntawv no qhia txog tus kheej ntawm polyglucose thiab xaus "kev nkag siab tsis meej" los ntawm lub npe.

Ua ntej, lub npe ntawm qhov chaw: yog vim li cas lo lus "glucose" ua rau kev nkag siab yuam kev? cov

Lub npe lus Askiv "Polydextrose" txhais tau tias "polymerized qabzib", thiab Suav txhais lus ua raws li cov lus qhia no. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub npe qhov xwm txheej yog lub hom phiaj piav qhia ntawm cov qauv tshuaj, tsis yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

cov Keeb kwm keeb kwm: Polyglucose tau tsim los ntawm Asmeskas tus kws tshawb fawb HH Rennhard hauv xyoo 1965, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tsim cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie tsawg, muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Vim tias cov khoom siv raw muaj cov piam thaj monomer, thiab cov saw hlau molecular txuas nrog ntau cov piam thaj, nws tau hu ua "polyglucose".

cov Lus Trap: Hauv Suav cov ntsiab lus, lo lus "qabzib" feem ntau cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog "qab zib" thiab "qab zib", tab sis tus cwj pwm "ju" tsis qhia nws tus cwj pwm tsis txaus ntseeg, ua rau cov pej xeem tsis nkag siab ntawm lo lus.

Ob, scientific disassembly: los ntawm cov qauv molecular ntawm qhov xwm ntawm polyglucose los txiav txim seb puas polyglucose yog qab zib, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum rov qab mus rau nws cov tshuaj.

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1. Kev txhais thiab kev faib cov suab thaj

Raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), Qab Zib yog hais txog monosaccharides (piv txwv li, qabzib, fructose) lossis oligosaccharides (xws li sucrose, maltose) uas txuas nrog glycosidic bonds nrog 2 mus rau 10 monosaccharides. Lawv cov yam ntxwv sib xws yog:

tuaj yeem tawg mus rau hauv monosaccharides los ntawm tib neeg digestive enzymes (xws li α-amylase, sucrase);

Muab 4 kcal / g kub;

ncaj qha nce ntshav qab zib.

2. Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm polyglucose cov

Cov mis mos molecular ntawm polyglucose ? yog (C?H??O?)?. Nws tau tsim los ntawm peb ntu hauv qab no.

Lub cev pob txha: D-glucose raws li lub hauv paus chav tsev, feem ntau txuas nrog 1, 6-glucoside daim ntawv cog lus;

random branching : Qee cov piam thaj hauv cov qauv tsim los ntawm 1,2, 1,3 lossis 1,4 glucoside bonds;

Kev hloov kho kawg : Qhov kawg ntawm cov saw molecular feem ntau khi rau sorbitol lossis citric acid residues (cov txheej txheem tsim khoom seem).

cov Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb:

cov degree ntawm polymerization: Qhov nruab nrab degree ntawm polymerization (n tus nqi) ntawm polyglucose yog 20-22, thiab qhov deb ultra-low glycan (n≤10) tsim cov qauv peb-dimensional network.

Daim ntawv cog lus hom complexity: Kev faib tawm ntawm cov glycosides tsis sib xws ua rau lub cev tsis muaj cov tshuaj digestive enzymes kom zom lawv mus rau hauv cov piam thaj monomers.

cov

Metabolic mechanism: Vim li cas polyglucose tsis muaj qab zib? cov

Lub physiological metabolic txoj kev ntawm polyglucose yog txawv kiag li ntawm cov suab thaj ib txwm, uas yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau nws kev faib ua fiber ntau.

1. Zero absorption nyob rau hauv lub Upper digestive ib ntsuj av

plab thiab hnyuv: Polyglucose tseem nyob ruaj khov hauv gastric acid. Vim nws qhov hnyav molecular ntau dhau (txog 3200 Da) thiab ntau hom glucoside bonds, nws tsis tuaj yeem hydrolyzed los ntawm tib neeg qaub ncaug amylase lossis pancreatic amylase. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm polyglucose, qhov nqus ntawm cov hnyuv yog tsawg dua 0.5% (Journal of Nutrition, 2022).

Cov nyhuv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv ntshav: Polyglucose tsis ua rau cov ntshav qab zib hloov pauv vim nws tsis tuaj yeem tawg mus rau hauv qabzib. Cov kev sim los ntawm Suav Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob tau lees paub tias glycemic Performance index (GI) ntawm kev noj 10g ntawm polyglucose yog 0, uas yog piv rau cov dej ntshiab (China Food Journal, 2023).

2. "prebiotic fermentation" nyob rau hauv qis digestive ib ntsuj av

Thaum undigested polyglucose nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv, nws dhau los ua fermentation substrate rau txoj hnyuv:

Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) : Bifidobacteria thiab lwm cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig tau hloov mus rau hauv butyric acid, propionic acid thiab lwm yam SCFA, uas tuaj yeem muab lub zog rau cov hnyuv thiab tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob;

caloric tsawg heev: lub zog tso tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem fermentation tsuas yog hais txog 1 kcal / g, qis dua 4 kcal / g suab thaj.

Kev tswj hwm txoj haujlwm: Cov tub ceev xwm thoob ntiaj teb txhais li cas polyglucose? cov

Cov koom haum thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb khoom noj hauv lub tebchaws tau qhia meej meej tsis suav nrog polyglucose los ntawm qeb "qab zib" thiab muab nws raws li txoj cai ntawm kev noj haus fiber ntau.

1. CODEX Alimentarius Commission (CODEX).

CODEX Standard (CODEX STAN 234-2022) hais tias:

Kev noj zaub mov fiber ntau yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm "polymerization degree ≥3 thiab tsis tuaj yeem zom los ntawm tib neeg txoj hnyuv enzymes";

Polyglucose ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem saum toj no thiab suav nrog hauv "kev noj zaub mov fiber ntau" daim ntawv teev npe, tso cai rau cov ntsiab lus fiber ntau qhia rau ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov.

2. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Hauv xyoo 2016, FDA tau hloov kho lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj haus fiber ntau los txhais cov polyglucose ua "kev ua haujlwm fiber ntau nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev" thiab pom zoo siv rau hauv cov khoom noj "qab zib" thiab "tsis muaj qab zib" (21 CFR 101.9).

3. Suav teb cov qauv

"Food Safety National Standard Food Additive Polyglucose" (GB 25541-2024) hais txog:

Polyglucose yog dej-soluble dietary fiber thiab tsis tuaj yeem cais raws li carbohydrate.

Cov zaub mov uas siv polydextrose tuaj yeem hais tias "ua kom muaj fiber ntau ntxiv," tab sis yuav tsis raug sau tias "qab zib" lossis "qab zib ntxiv."

cov Kev lag luam tsis sib haum xeeb: Puas yog polyglucose hauv cov khoom noj tsis muaj piam thaj "tsis pom qab zib"? cov

Txawm hais tias muaj kev cai meej, cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus ntseeg txog polydextrose tseem fester. Nov yog qhov tseeb ntawm ob qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb:

cov1. Kev sib cav 1: Puas yog polyglucose ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce? cov

Science verdict: Tsis yog. Cov metabolite ntawm polyglucose yog SCFA ntau dua li qabzib, thiab nws tus kheej GI tus nqi yog 0. Kev sim tshuaj hauv Peking Union Medical College Tsev Kho Mob rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib tau pom tias tom qab noj txhua hnub ntawm 15g ntawm polyglucose rau 12 lub lis piam sib law liag, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c) ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 (HbA1c).

Misconception source: Qee cov neeg muag khoom sib xyaw polydextrose nrog cov khoom xyaw qab zib yooj yim xws li maltodextrin thiab qabzib phoov, ua rau cov neeg siv khoom tsis meej pem.

2. Controversy 2: Puas yog polyglucose yog "ntxiv qab zib"? cov

Kev piav qhia ntawm cov ntsiab lus: Raws li WHO cov lus qhia, "ntxiv qab zib" txhais tau tias monosaccharides lossis disaccharides (xws li qab zib, sucrose) ntxiv rau zaub mov. Polyglucose tsis suav hais tias yog cov piam thaj ntxiv vim tias nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov metabolism hauv qab zib.

Hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas, polyglucose raug suav tias yog tag nrho cov khoom noj fiber ntau ntawm cov khoom noj, tsis yog "qab zib"; Tuam Tshoj Txoj Cai Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Tag Nrho Cov Khoom Noj Ua Ntej (GB 28050-2024) kuj tau txais txoj cai no.

Cov lus qhia rau cov neeg siv khoom: Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas polyglucose kom raug? cov

Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab, cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm polyglucose los ntawm qab zib los ntawm:

1. Saib ntawm lub rooj

qab zib : feem ntau cim tias "dawb qab zib", "siab fructose syrup", "maltose" thiab hais txog;

polyglucose : ncaj qha sau "polyglucose" lossis "dej-soluble dietary fiber".

2. Nyeem cov ntawv qhia zaub mov

Cov ntsiab lus qab zib : Kos "carbohydrate-qab zib", polyglucose tsis tau teev;

Kev noj haus fiber ntau : Tus nqi ntawm cov fiber ntau pab los ntawm polyglucose yuav raug sau cais.

3. Kev nco qab tshaj tawm

Cov khoom uas sau tias "dawb qab zib" lossis "qab zib qis" tab sis muaj polyglucose ua raws li cov cai vim lawv tsis siv cov khoom xyaw qab zib uas nce qab zib.

Kev xav txog kev lag luam: qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas lus science tom qab lub npe tsis sib haum xeeb

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub npe ntawm polydextrose nthuav tawm qhov tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev siv pej xeem ntawm cov lus tshawb fawb:

Lub sij hawm yooj yim thiab qhov tseeb tsis sib npaug : cov npe tshuaj feem ntau tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb (xws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm "poly") kom yooj yim ntawm kev nco;

Consumer science literacy gap : Ib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas qhia tau hais tias tsuas yog 12 feem pua ????ntawm cov neeg siv khoom suav tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm "kev noj haus fiber ntau" thiab "qab zib" (China Health Consumption White Paper 2024).

Kev daws:

Standard terminology : Nws yog pom zoo kom ntxiv ib daim ntawv nyob rau hauv cov khoom xyaw, xws li "polyglucose (kev noj haus fiber)";

Ntxiv dag zog rau kev kawm txuj ci nrov: qhia qhov "tsis yog qab zib" tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab luv luv, ntim ICONS thiab lwm txoj hauv kev nkag siab.

8. Cov kws tshaj lij lub tswv yim: "kev sib ntaus sib tua kom kho lub npe" ntawm polyglucose

Dr. Emily Chen (Thawj Tswj Hwm, International Alliance for Food Science thiab Technology):

"Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb polyglucose yog ib qho xwm txheej ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov lus tshawb fawb thiab kev nkag siab ntawm pej xeem. Peb xav tau cov lus pom tseeb dua qhov uas cov npe muaj feem cuam tshuam txog lawv txoj haujlwm."

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WANG Xiangtao (Secretary-General ntawm Suav Society of Nutrition) :

"Tus nqi noj qab haus huv ntawm polyglucose raws li kev noj zaub mov zoo fiber ntau tau raug lees paub tag nrho. "Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kev xav tsis zoo yog txhais cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb rau cov lus uas cov neeg siv khoom nkag siab."

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Xaus

Polydextrose tsis yog qab zib, tab sis tus neeg raug tsim txom ntawm "kev nkag siab tsis meej" tshwm sim los ntawm nws lub npe. Los ntawm cov qauv molecular mus rau kev cai txhais, metabolic mechanism rau kev ua lag luam, tag nrho cov pov thawj taw qhia rau tib lub ntsiab lus: nws yog ib tug noj haus fiber pioneer ncua los ntawm nws lub npe. Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm kev paub txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tawg, rhuav tshem kev paub tsis meej thiab tsim kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv zoo yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev sib cav tias "qab zib tsis yog qab zib."

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