Amino acids, peptides, proteins and enzymes are all biomolecules that play different roles in the activities of life, but they are also closely related and interact. Amino acids Amino acids are the basic units of proteins and are also very important organic molecules in living systems. It consists of an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and an R group. The structure of a peptide chain in which amino acids are connected to each other by peptide bonds. In a peptide chain, the carboxyl group of one amino acid is connected to the amino group of another amino acid through its carbon-oxygen bond. The two ends of the peptide chain are called the n-terminal and the C-terminal. When the length of the peptide chain exceeds 100 amino acids, a polypeptide chain is formed. Polypeptide refers to a peptide chain composed of 2-100 amino acids, hormones, enzymes, antibiotics, etc., are polypeptides, which are usually easier to synthesize and modify than proteins. Proteins are peptide chains consisting of more than 100 amino acids and have a high molecular weight. In cells, proteins can be used as structural components. In addition, enzymes, hormones, photosynthetic pigments, etc., are also made of proteins. Enzymes Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. They are specialized molecules made of biomolecules such as proteins or RNA and often have very specific substrate specificity.

The role of amino acids, peptides, proteins and enzymes in plants 1. Amino acids: Amino acids can be used as a source of nutrients for plants to improve their growth and development. After absorbing amino acids, plants can quickly form proteins, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, which promote plant cell division and tissue growth. In addition, amino acids in plant drought, salt, low temperature and other stresses can improve plant resistance, promote plant growth. 2. Polypeptides: Polypeptides are an important part of plant growth regulators. Peptides can affect intracellular signal transduction and growth and development by binding to membrane receptors. For example, polypeptide auxin and polypeptide hormones play an important role in plant growth and development and can promote plant growth and root growth. Peptides can also play an important role in plant immune defense, such as being able to induce the production of antioxidant substances in plants and enhance the resistance of plants to diseases and pests.

3. Protein: Protein has many applications in the field of agricultural cultivation. In the process of plant cultivation, protein can be used as a fertilizer component for the plant to absorb and promote plant growth. In addition, some protein hormones and auxin also play an important role in regulating plant growth and development. Proteins are also widely used in biopesticide and resistance breeding. 4. Enzymes: Enzymes are also very important in the field of agricultural cultivation. For example, some enzymes can improve soil fertility and water utilization, which benefits plant growth and development. There are also enzymes that can be used for plant protection and control of crop pests and diseases, such as hydrolases that reduce the resistance of plant cell walls, making it impossible for microorganisms and harmful insects to survive.