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???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? 10 ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????????? ?? ??? ????. ???? ?????, "???? ???? ????" ???????, ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???. 2018 ??, ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???, ?? ?????? 6-???????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????, ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????, ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ????. ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ???, ????? ??? "??????" ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???, ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???. ????????????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???, ?????????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???, ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???, ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???, "??????" ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????. ??? ????, ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? - ?????????????? ?????? ???? PD-L1 ??????? ?????. ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???, ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?? ????, ??????? ???????? ??? ??? "???????? ???" ???? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????. ? ????, ?????????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? "???????????? ??? ?????" ?????? ????? ????, ???? ?????? "?????????????? ?????? ???" ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?????. PD-L1 ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????, ?? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ??? PD-1 ????? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ??? ??? "??????" ??????? ????? ????? (???? 2). ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???, ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? T ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???, ?????????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? T ????? ??????????????? ?????? PD-L1 ??? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? T ??? ??? "??????" ???? ?????? ???? ??.

PD-L1 ???? ??????????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? PD-L1 ??? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ???????? PD-L1 ?????????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????, ?????? PD-L1 ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????. ???????, ?????? ????? ??? ????????? PD-L1 ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???, ?????? ??? ??? T ??? "??????" ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???: ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? T ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????; ????? ?????? ??????? ??, ??? ?????? ??? ???????? T ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? T ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? "??????" ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????.

?? ????? ????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????????? (???? 3). ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???, ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????? "??????" ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? 20% ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???, ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? 100 ??? ?????? ??????? 20 ?? ????? ?? ????, ?? ??? ??? ???????????? ?? ??????????. ??????, ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????, ??? ??????????, ???????????? ?????????? ?? ????, ???????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????.