Namhlanje, ngokunyuka kolwazi lokusetyenziswa okunempilo, "ukulawula iswekile" kuye kwaba sisithethantonye sendlela yokuphila yabantu bonke. Kodwa ukubonakala rhoqo kwesithako esibizwa ngokuba yi-Polydextrose kuluhlu lwezithako "zokutya kokutya" kunye "neziselo ezineekhalori ezisezantsi" kukhokelele ekubhidekeni phakathi kwabathengi malunga nokuba iswekile iguqulwe "njengefiber yokutya" okanye umgcini wezempilo ogama limbi. Ngohlalutyo lwesakhiwo semolekyuli, inkcazo egunyazisiweyo yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nophando lwemetabolism, eli phepha libonisa ubungqina bokwenene be-polyglucose kwaye iphelisa "ukungaqondi kakuhle kwesayensi" okubangelwa igama.

Okokuqala, igama lomthombo: kutheni igama elithi "glucose" libangela ukungaqondi? ...

Igama lesiNgesi elithi "Polydextrose" liguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwi "polymerized glucose", kwaye inguqulelo yesiTshayina ilandela le ngqiqo. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lwalo lwegama luyinkcazo yenjongo yesakhiwo samakhemikhali, kunokuba inkcazo yeempawu ezisebenzayo.

... Imvelaphi yezembali : I-Polyglucose yaphuhliswa ngusosayensi waseMelika uHH Rennhard kwi-1965, injongo yasekuqaleni yayikukuphuhlisa i-calorie ephantsi, i-high-stable-stable filler. Ngenxa yokuba izinto eziluhlaza ziqulethe i-glucose monomer, kwaye ikhonkco yemolekyuli idityaniswe ziiyunithi ezininzi zeglucose, ibizwa ngokuba yi "polyglucose".

... Umgibe wolwimi : kumxholo waseTshayina, igama elithi "iswekile" lihlala linxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo ne "swekile" kunye "nesweet", kodwa umlinganiswa "ju" uyasilela ukuhambisa umlingiswa wayo ongagayekiyo, okukhokelela ekungaqondi kakuhle koluntu kweli gama.

Eyesibini, i-disassembly yesayensi: ukusuka kwisakhiwo semolekyuli yendalo ye-polyglucose ukumisela ukuba i-polyglucose yiswekile, kuyimfuneko ukubuyela kubume bayo beekhemikhali.

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1. Inkcazo kunye nokuhlelwa kweswekile

Ngokwenkcazo ye-International Union ye-International Union ye-Chemistry ecocekileyo kunye ne-Applied (IUPAC), i-Sugar ibhekisela kwi-monosaccharides (umzekelo, i-glucose, i-fructose) okanye i-oligosaccharides (umzekelo, i-sucrose, i-maltose) edibaniswe ngamabhondi e-glycosidic kunye ne-2 kwi-10 monosaccharides. Iimpawu zabo eziqhelekileyo zezi:

Inokwahlulwa ibe yi-monosaccharides ngama-enzymes okugaya abantu (afana ne-α-amylase, i-sucrase);

Inika i-4 kcal / g ukushisa;

Ngqo unyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

2. Ubume beMichiza ye-polyglucose ...

I-molecular formula ye-polyglucose ? yayingu (C?H??O?)?. Yayiqulunqwe ngamacandelo amathathu alandelayo.

Ulwakhiwo lwamathambo : D-glucose njengeyunithi esisiseko, idityaniswe ikakhulu yi-1, 6-glucoside bond;

i-random branching : Ezinye iiyunithi ze-glucose zenza izakhiwo ze-branching ngokusebenzisa i-1,2, 1,3 okanye i-1,4 ye-glucoside bond;

ukuguqulwa kokuphela : Isiphelo setsheyina lemolekyuli sihlala sibophelela kwi-sorbitol okanye iintsalela ze-citric acid (iintsalela zenkqubo yokuvelisa).

... Umahluko ophambili :

... iqondo lepolymerization: Iqondo eliqhelekileyo le-polymerization (n ixabiso) le-polyglucose yi-20-22, kunye ne-ultra-low glycan (n≤10) yakha i-complex ye-complex ye-network network.

ukuntsokotha kodidi lwebhondi: Ukusasazwa okungacwangciswanga kwee-glucoside bonds kwenza ukuba umzimba uswele ii-enzymes zokugaya ezihambelanayo ukuze uziphule zibe yi-glucose monomers.

...

Indlela yeMetabolic: Kutheni i-polyglucose ingeyoyeswekile? ...

Indlela ye-physiological metabolic pathway ye-polyglucose yahluke ngokupheleleyo kuleyo yeswekile yesintu, esisiseko esisisiseko sokuhlelwa kwayo njengefiber yokutya.

1. Ukufunxwa kukungabikho kwi-digestive tract ephezulu

isisu kunye namathumbu amancinci : I-Polyglucose ihlala izinzile kwi-asidi yesisu. Ngenxa yobunzima bobunzima be-molecular (malunga ne-3200 Da) kunye neentlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-glucoside bonds, ayikwazi ukuhlanjululwa nge-hydrolyzed ngamathe e-amylase okanye i-pancreatic amylase. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba emva kokulawulwa komlomo we-polyglucose, izinga lokufunxa emathunjini amancinci lingaphantsi kwe-0.5% (Journal of Nutrition, 2022).

Isiphumo seswekile yegazi : I-Polyglucose ayibangeli ukuguquguquka kweswekile ye-postprandial kuba ayinakohlulwa ibe yiglucose. Uvavanyo lweZiko laseShayina loLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo luqinisekisile ukuba i-glycemic index (GI) yokungenisa i-10g ye-polyglucose yi-0, efaniswa namanzi acocekileyo (i-China Food Journal, i-2023).

2. "i-prebiotic fermentation" kwindlela yokugaya esezantsi

Xa i-polyglucose engagatywanga ingena kwi-colon, iba yi-fermentation substrate yezityalo zamathumbu:

I-short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) : I-Bifidobacteria kunye nezinye iibhaktheriya ezixhamlayo ziyiguqula ibe yi-butyric acid, i-propionic acid kunye nenye i-SCFA, enokubonelela ngamandla kwiiseli ze-colon kunye nokulawula ukugonywa;

Igalelo le-caloric eliphantsi kakhulu : amandla akhutshwe yinkqubo yokuvundisa amalunga ne-1 kcal/g kuphela, asezantsi kakhulu kune-4 kcal/g yeswekile.

Isikhundla solawulo: Abasemagunyeni behlabathi bayichaza njani i-polyglucose? ...

Imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemigangatho yelizwe yokhuseleko lokutya ayibandakanyi ngokucacileyo i-polyglucose kudidi "lweswekile" kwaye inike ubume bomthetho befiber yokutya.

1. IKhomishini yeCODEX Alimentarius (CODEX)

Umgangatho weCODEX (CODEX STAN 234-2022) uthi:

Ifiber yokutya kufuneka ihlangabezane neemeko ze "polymerization degree ≥3 kwaye ayikwazi ukugaywa ngama-enzymes amathumbu amancinci";

I-Polyglucose ihlangabezana nale migaqo ingentla kwaye ifakwe kuluhlu lwe "fiber dietary", evumela umxholo wefiber ukuba uboniswe kwiilebhile zokutya.

2. ULawulo lokuTya kunye neChiza lwaseMelika (i-FDA)

Kwi-2016, i-FDA ihlaziywe inkcazo yefiber yokutya ukuchaza i-polyglucose njenge "fiber esebenzayo kunye neenzuzo ze-physiological" kwaye ivume ukuba isetyenziswe "kwiswekile ephantsi" kunye nokutya "okungenashukela" (21 CFR 101.9).

3. Imigangatho yesizwe yaseTshayina

"Ukhuseleko lokutya okuMgangatho weSizwe woKutya oLongeziweyo kwiPolyglucose" (GB 25541-2024) igxininisa:

I-Polyglucose yifayibha yokutya enyibilikayo emanzini kwaye ayinakuchazwa njengecarbohydrate.

Ukutya okusebenzisa i-polydextrose kunokuthi "ukwandisa i-fiber yokutya," kodwa ayinakubizwa ngokuthi "iswekile" okanye "iswekile eyongeziweyo."

... Ingxabano yemarike: Ngaba i-polyglucose ekutyeni okungenaswekile "iswekile engabonakaliyo"? ...

Nangona imimiselo ecacileyo, iingcamango eziphosakeleyo zabathengi malunga ne-polydextrose ziyaqhubeka zikhula. Nazi iinyani zeengxabano ezimbini eziqhelekileyo:

...1. Ingxabano 1: Ngaba i-polyglucose yenza ukuba iswekile yegazi inyuke? ...

Isigwebo seSayensi: Hayi. I-metabolite ye-polyglucose yi-SCFA kunokuba i-glucose, kwaye ixabiso layo le-GI li-0. Ulingo lwekliniki kwisibhedlele sasePeking Union Medical College kwizigulane zesifo seswekile zibonise ukuba emva kokuthatha imihla ngemihla ye-15g ye-polyglucose kwiiveki ze-12 ezilandelelanayo, akukho tshintsho oluphawulekayo kwi-hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c) yezigulane (i-Chinese Journal of Diabetes20, i-23).

Umthombo wokungaqondi kakuhle : Abanye abathengisi baxuba i-polydextrose kunye nezithako zeswekile eziphakanyiswa ngokulula ezifana ne-maltodextrin kunye nesiraphu ye-glucose, okukhokelela ekudidekeni kwabathengi.

2. Ingxabano 2: Ngaba i-polyglucose "iswekile eyongeziweyo"? ...

Ingcaciso yenkcazo : Ngokwezikhokelo ze-WHO, "iswekile eyongeziweyo" ithetha i-monosaccharides okanye i-disaccharides (umz. iswekile, i-sucrose) eyongezwe ekutyeni. I-Polyglucose ayithathwa njengeswekile eyongeziweyo kuba ayinayo imichiza kunye neempawu ze-metabolic zeswekile.

KwiManyano yaseYurophu nase-United States, i-polyglucose ibalwa njengomxholo wefayibha yokutya iyonke, kunokuba "iswekile"; Imithetho Jikelele yaseTshayina yokuFakwa kweLebhile yeZondlo kukutya okupakishwe kwangaphambili (i-GB 28050-2024) nayo iyawamkela lo mgaqo.

Isikhokelo sabathengi: Uchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-polyglucose? ...

Ukuthintela ukubhideka, abathengi banokwahlula i-polyglucose kwiswekile ngoku:

1. Jonga itafile

iswekile : idla ngokuphawulwa njenge "swekile emhlophe", "isiraphu ephezulu ye-fructose", "maltose" njalo njalo;

i-polyglucose : ibhalwe ngokuthe ngqo "i-polyglucose" okanye "ifayibha ezinyibilikayo emanzini".

2. Funda iilebhile zesondlo

umxholo weswekile : Jonga "icarbohydrate-iswekile", i-polyglucose ayidweliswanga;

I-Dietary fibre : Isixa sefayibha egalelwe yi-polyglucose iya kubhalwa ngokwahlukeneyo.

3. Ukuqonda kuyaxela

Iimveliso ezibhalwe "ayinaswekile" okanye "iswekile ephantsi" kodwa ezinepolyglucose zithobela imigaqo kuba azisebenzisi izithako zeswekile ezinyusa iswekile.

Ukubonakaliswa kweshishini: ingxaki yonxibelelwano lwezenzululwazi emva kwempikiswano yamagama

Ingxabano malunga nokubizwa kwe-polydextrose ibonisa ukuchasana okunzulu ekusetyenzisweni koluntu kwamagama enzululwazi:

Ukwenziwa lula kwegama kunye nokungalingani kokuchaneka : Amagama ekhemikhali adla ngokushiya iinkcukacha eziphambili (ezifana nentsingiselo yesakhiwo "poly") ukuze kube lula ukuyikhumbula;

Umsantsa wokufunda nokubhala wesayensi yabathengi : Uphando lubonisa ukuba yi-12 ekhulwini kuphela yabathengi baseTshayina abanokwahlula ngokuchanekileyo phakathi kwe "fiber dietary" kunye "neswekile" (i-China Health Consumption White Paper 2024).

Isisombululo :

Isigama esiqhelekileyo : Kucetyiswa ukuba kongezwe inqaku kuluhlu lwesithako, esifana ne "polyglucose (dietary fiber)";

Yomeleza imfundo yokwazisa abantu ngesayensi : hambisa uphawu "olungenaswekile" ngeevidiyo ezimfutshane, ukupakishwa kwe-ICONS kunye nezinye iindlela ezinengqondo.

8. Uluvo lwengcaphephe: "Idabi lokulungisa igama" le-polyglucose

UGqr. UEmily Chen (uMongameli, iManyano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeSayensi yoKutya kunye neTekhnoloji):

"Ingxabano ye-polyglucose yimeko yeklasi yokuqhawula phakathi kolwimi lwesayensi kunye nombono woluntu. Sidinga inkqubo yesigama esicacileyo ngakumbi apho amagama esithako abonisa ngokwenene umsebenzi wabo."

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UWANG Xiangtao (uNobhala-Jikelele woMbutho weSondlo waseTshayina) :

"Ixabiso lezempilo le-polyglucose njenge-fiber ye-dietary esemgangathweni iqinisekisiwe ngokupheleleyo. "Isitshixo ekupheliseni ukungaqondi kakuhle kukuguqulela iinkcazo zenzululwazi ngolwimi abathengi abangaluqonda."

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Isiphelo

I-Polydextrose ayikho iswekile, kodwa ixhoba "lokungaqondi kakuhle kwesayensi" okubangelwa ukubizwa kwayo. Ukusuka kulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli ukuya kwinkcazo yolawulo, inkqubo yemetabolism ukuya kuqheliselo lwentengiso, bonke ubungqina bukhomba kwisigqibo esifanayo: nguvulindlela wefiber yokutya ulibaziseke ngegama lakhe. Ngexesha lokuqwashisa ngempilo kunye nokuqhuma kolwazi, ukuphula imiqobo yokuqonda kunye nokuseka imbono yokusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kunokubaluleka ngaphezu kokuphikisa ukuba "iswekile ayikho iswekile."

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http://www.jvvw.cn/polydextrose-water-soluble-dietary-fiber-product/