I-1.Ukulawulwa kwe-Bidirectional ye-protein metabolism

I-HMB ifezekisa ulungelelwaniso oluguquguqukayo lokulungiswa kokwenzakala kwezihlunu ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokusebenzisana:

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Ukusebenza komqondiso we-mTOR: ukunyuka kwenqanaba le-ribosome S6 kinase phosphorylation nge-38%, i-myosin enzima yetsheyini kunye nezinye iiprotheyini eziphambili

Impembelelo yokuthintela ubiquitination : iyancipha intetho ye-E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 nge-41%, kwaye ivalwe inkqubo yokumakisha imolekyuli yokuphuka kwemisipha.

i-autophagy homeostasis : Yandisa umlinganiselo we-LC3-II/LC3-I ukuya kwi-1: 1.5 ukuthintela ukuthotywa kwefiber ye-muscle okubangelwa kukuzikhukhumeza okugqithisileyo.

Okwesibini, iteknoloji yokukhusela inwebu yeseli entsha

I-HMB iphucula uzinzo lweseli ngongenelelo lwenqanaba lemolekyuli:

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Ukomelezwa kwesakhiwo senwebu: ukonyusa umxholo we-phosphatidylinositol nge-27%, phucula ukuchasana noxinzelelo lomatshini lwenwebu yemisipha.

Ukulawulwa kwe-calcium ion: inqanda ukuvuleka okungaqhelekanga kwe-mitochondrial permeability transition pore kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokugcwala kwe-calcium ngama-63%

Ukukhuselwa koxinzelelo lwe-oxidative: indlela ye-Nrf2 esebenzayo, umsebenzi we-superoxide dismutase (SOD) wonyuke nge-41%

Iii. Idatha ye-Empirical yamayeza ezemidlalo

1.Ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwezemidlalo

Abadlali bebhola abafakela i-3 g / ngosuku i-HMB yanciphisa i-peak creatine kinase (CK) nge-44% kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lobunzima be-muscle nge-51%

Emva kweeyure ze-72 zokuzivocavoca kwe-centrifugal, iziganeko ze-Z-line rheology ye-muscle fibers zancitshiswa ngu-62%, kwaye ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo se-mitochondria kwaphuculwa nge-83%

2.Ukunyamezela ukusebenza kakuhle

Kwiimbaleki zemidyarho, amanqanaba e-lactate yegazi ehle nge-19% kunye nezihlunu ze-glycogen reserves zonyuke ngama-27% 68.

Umjikelo wokongeza weeveki ezi-6 unyuse i-VO2max nge-4.2% kunye nokwandisa ukunyamezela komthambo nge-13%

4.Inkqubela phambili yenguqu kwezonyango

5.Ukuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwe-muscular atrophy gravis

Kwizigulana ze-ICU ezongezwa nge-HMB iintsuku ezingama-28, ubukhulu bezihlunu ze-quadriceps zagcinwa nge-1.3mm ngaphezulu, kwaye izinga lempumelelo ye-ventilator ngaphandle kwe-line yonyuka ngama-31%

Kwizigulane ezitshisa kakhulu, izinga lokuqhekeka kweprotheyini lalingaphantsi kwe-47% kwaye ixesha lokuphulukisa isilonda lalifutshane ngeentsuku ezi-5.

2.Ukungenelela kwi-senile sarcopenia

Emva kweeveki ze-12 zokungenelela, isantya sokuhamba kwabantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-70 senyuke nge-0.15m / s, kwaye umngcipheko wokuwa wehla nge-38%

I-MRI ibonise ukuncipha kwe-21% kwi-intramuscular fat infiltration kunye nokwanda kwe-14% kwindawo ye-fiber ye-muscle ye-II.

5.I-Cutting-edge yeteknoloji entsha

Inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kweNano

Itekhnoloji ye-Liposome encapsulation yandise ukugxilwa kwe-muscle ekujoliswe kuyo ngamaxesha e-3.7, kwaye izinga lokuguquguquka kwegazi lalingaphantsi kwe-7%

I-smart transdermal patch ifezekisa ukulawulwa kwempendulo ye-EMG kwaye inciphisa ukulibaziseka kokukhululwa ukuya kwimizuzwana ye-15.

Ukuphumelela kwibhayoloji yokwenziwa

Imveliso yobunjineli yoxinzelelo yonyuswe ukuya kwi-8.7g/L kwaye iindleko zokuvelisa zancitshiswa ngama-62%

Itekhnoloji yokuhlela ye-CRISPR ikhawulezisa ukulungiswa kwemisipha nge-41%, ingena kwizilingo zangaphambili.

6.Iinkcukacha zokhuseleko

Ityhefu ebukhali: i-LD50 yomlomo> 5000mg/kg kwiimpuku, eneneni ayinayo ityhefu.

Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide : Akukho tyhefu ye-hepatorenal yabonwa emva kweenyanga ze-12 zokungenelela, kwaye iziganeko zokuphazamiseka kwesisu kwaba

Umgangatho wedosi: inani lokuzilolonga liyacetyiswa ukuba lithathe i-3 g / ngosuku kwiidosi ezahluliweyo, idosi yonyango yongezwa ngamanyathelo.

Vii. Ikamva elizayo

Umgaqo we-epigenetic: Ukuphonononga iziphumo ze-HMB kwi-DNA methylation iipateni zeeseli ze-muscle stem

Indlela yokunxibelelana koluntu lwebhaktiriya: Uhlalutyo lwendima yolawulo ye-HMB metabolites kumathumbu e-intestinal firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio.